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PHYSICS

 PHYSICS

Chapter:- Radioactivity 

Theory

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Topic included:- Definition and types of radioactivity, properties of alfa ray particles,  properties of beta rays particles,  properties of beta-gamma particles, Laws of radioactive disintegration, Decay equation, Half-life, Radiocarbon dating,  medical uses of radiation

 Numerical

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Topic included:- Decay law of N, Relation between half-life and decay constant, Law of radioactivity.

Chapter:- Photo-electricity

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Topic included:- Photo Electric effect, Quantum Theory of Radiation, Threshold energy or Work function (∅), Stopping Potential, Einstein’s Photo Electric Equation, Uses of the photoelectric effect, Bohr’s Theory of H- Atom, Numerical problems.



Chapter:- Properties of Nucleus

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Topic included:- Nucleus, Types of Nucleus, Properties of Nucleus, Atomic mass unit (a.m.u) and its
equivalent energy, Mass defect, Binding Energy, Binding Energy per Nucleon, Einstein’s Mass-Energy Relation, Nuclear Fission, Nuclear Fusion, Difference Between Fission and Fusion, Numerical Problems

Chapter:- X-Rays

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Topic included:-  Definition, Production of X-rays - Modern Coolidge tube, Properties of X-rays, Application (uses) of X-rays, Short questions and numerical 

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Serum and plasma preparation

  Serum preparation  -Begin by collecting blood from animals with sterile syringes. - Place the blood in a clean tube and let it at room temperature for 15-30 minutes. - Place the tube in the centrifuge machine and spin it for 10-15 minutes at 3000 RPM to separate the serum from the blood cells. - After centrifuging the sample, the clot particles settle to the bottom and yellowish serum liquid comes on the surface.  - Extract the serum with a Pasteur pipette and preserve it for laboratory tests. plasma preparation When whole blood is collected in anticoagulant-treated tubes, plasma gets created. The blood does not clot in the plasma tube. Centrifugation is used to separate the cells. Using a Pasteur pipette, the supernatant, known as plasma, is carefully separated from the cell particle.