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Enterotoxemia: A common problems in Sheep and Goat

  ENTEROTOXEMIA ETIOLOGY • Caused by clostridium perfringens that produce toxin starting from A to F of which clostridium type A, B, C, D, E are important. INTRODUCTION It is an infectious disease of ruminant which is caused by clostridum perfringens gram positive bacteria which produce toxin. It`s  mainly effected maximum 2-10 month of animal.                                                   The bacteria of this disease are found in soil, feaces and intestine of ruminant. Excess milk feeding,grasses increase the number of bacteria which produce toxin that goes in blood and transfer to whole body of animal. TYPES OF CASUATIVE AGENTS 1.    Clostridium perfringens type-A: eexact role of type A in relation...
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Serum and plasma preparation

  Serum preparation  -Begin by collecting blood from animals with sterile syringes. - Place the blood in a clean tube and let it at room temperature for 15-30 minutes. - Place the tube in the centrifuge machine and spin it for 10-15 minutes at 3000 RPM to separate the serum from the blood cells. - After centrifuging the sample, the clot particles settle to the bottom and yellowish serum liquid comes on the surface.  - Extract the serum with a Pasteur pipette and preserve it for laboratory tests. plasma preparation When whole blood is collected in anticoagulant-treated tubes, plasma gets created. The blood does not clot in the plasma tube. Centrifugation is used to separate the cells. Using a Pasteur pipette, the supernatant, known as plasma, is carefully separated from the cell particle.
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Composition of blood- Flowchart

 
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